Hair-treating method and composition



Patented 'Au .,21, 1928,

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Io Drawing.

, This invention relates to methods of and' compositions for thetreatment-of hair, and particularly, for imparting a permanent wavethereto. 7

An object of the invention is to provide an improved method of softeninghair and building u the body thereof without deleteriously a ecting thesame.

More specifically, the invention has for its object the provision of themethod whereby a tres of hair may be subjected to a softening action ofa dilute alkaline material which will not be harmful to the hair, as,for example, the softening action of am-- moniagas, while simultaneouslydepositing thereon and in the pores thereof a body sub-- stance, such askeratin, during the permanent Wave treatment.

A further ,object is directed to the provision of a composition for usein a method such as outlined above.

The invention accordingly comprises a method and a composition both asexemplified in the following detailed disclosure and the scope of theapplication of which will be indicated in the claims.

The invention is in certain aspects an improvement. on the methoddescribed and claimed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 131,813,filed August 26, 1926, and is primarily directed to the softening of andimparting body to human hair in order to increase the weight and improvethe texture thereof and to permit the normal contour of the strands tobealtered in such manner, for example, as will produce the effectcommonly known as a permanent wave, and, accordingly, the same will beexemplified in connection with a permanent waving treatment. With theuse of the compositions included in the present invention such permanentwaving may be carried out in any convenient manner, such as, forexample, by any of the methods suggested in my said co-pendingapplication,

The present invention contemplates subjecting the hair to the softeninginfluence of a dilute alkali and substantially simultaneously treatingthe hair with keratin or keratin-containing substances, which latteringredients will become largely absorbed by, and fixed upon, the hairduring the heating and cooling operations which are afforded by thepermanent waving-treatment per se.

Application fled November 12, 1986. Serial No. 8,108.

may be prepared in substantially the following proportions:

Keratin 1 gram. Aqua ammonia (26) 10 cc. Water'q. s. ad 100 cc.

, nthe above solution keratin-containing substances may be used in placeof keratin and other unstable alkaline materials c0ntaming ammoniaincombination, and adapted to release ammonia when heated, such as theammonium borates specified in my said co-pending application may also beused. Also, other dilute alkaline agents which are non-harmful to thehair, such as other borates or alkaline carbonates, may be used. Forexample, it has been found that a satisfactory material for use in thesoftening of hair and the facilitating of the deposition of keratin isammonium carbonate. This material is particularly efficient because ofthe large amount of ammonia released there from; A' suitableconcentration of either of the materials is, for example, 10 grams ofthe alkaline material. in place of the aquaammonia specified in theabove composition.

In such cases the keratin in the mixture is partially in solution andpartially in a finely divided state of suspension. The hair which is tobe waved is moistened with the semi-solution of keratin, and after thepads, layers of insulating material and tubes are in position, heat isapplied. This heat brings the temperature of the hair to about 100 C.and is maintained for a period of approximately ten minutes. If theammonia or ammonium-containing alkaline agents above specified arev usedas the alkaline agent, this heat will cause an evolution of ammoniawhich, with the corresponding reduction in the solubility of the keratinin the moisture remaining, will effectively accomplish the desiredresults.

The water is also largely driven ofi during this heating operation andtherefore, even in the case of the mineral alkalis, the keratin insolution is deposited in the pores of the hair. The fixation of thepermanent wave is also further developed by the cooling of the hairafter the heaters are removed, and in those cases where mineral alkalishave been used it has been found advantageous to thereafter rinse thehair in a very dilute acid sufiicient to neutralize any free alkaliwhich may remain.

The use of the suggested mixtures containing keratin has been found tobe particularl advantageous in the treatment of hair wh 1c has beenpartially oxidized or otherwise 1maired by reason of the chemicals usedin dyeing or bleaching treatments, since the keratin enters into thepores of the hair and 15 de osited on the hair, thereby restoring the b0y and texture thereof.

Since certain changes in carrying out the above process and in thecomposition which embod the invention may be made without departing fromthe scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the abovedescription shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limitingsense.

It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended tocover all of the generic and specific features of the invention hereindescribed, and all statements of the scope of the invention which as amatter of language might be said to fall therebetween.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

1. A method of treatin hair, which includes depositing keratin t ereonand in the pores thereof while applying heat to the hair.

2. cludes bringing into proximity with the hair to be treated asemi-solution of keratin adapted to deposit keratin thereon at anelevated temperature, and applying heat to the hair.

3. A method of treating hair, which includes bringing into proximitywiththe hair to be treated a liquid medium containing keratin and a materialadapted to release A method of treating hair, which in ammonia 'gas uponthe application of heat, and applying heat thereto.

4. A method of treatin hair, which includes depositing keratin t ereonin the presence of ammonia gas.

5. A method of treating hair, which includes bringing into proximitywith the hair to be treated a semi-solution of keratin in an alkalineagent which evolves ammonia at an elevated temperature, and applyingheat to the hair.

6. A method of imparting a permanent wave to hair, which includesbringing into proximity with the hair to be treated a semisolution ofkeratin in dilute aqua ammonia, and applying heat thereto.

7. A method of imparting a permanent wave to hair, which includesbringing into proximity with the hair to be treated a semisolution ofkeratin in dilute aqua ammonia, and heating the hair to a temperature ofapproximately 100 C.

8. A hair-treating composition, including keratin and a material adaptedto release ammonium gas.

9. A hair-treating composition, including keratin and an unstableammonium compound.

10. A hair-treating composition, including keratin and aqua-ammonia.

11. A hair-treating composition, including the following ingredients insubstantially the following proportions: keratin, 1 gram; aqua-ammonia,(26), 10 00.; water q. s. ad. 100 cc.

12. A composition for the purpose described, including a material whichwhen heated emits hair-softening fumes, and also including a material'which is thermoplastic.

13. A composition for the purpose described, inclu ing a hair-softeningmaterial, and a material soluble in the first-mentioned material whichwhen applied to the hair filaments may be permitted to harden thereon torigidify the hair into a wave form toward which the hair may be curledwhile softened.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

JAMES C. BROWN.

